What causes hemorrhoids?
The cause of hemorrhoids is still unknown. In the past, it was believed that it was caused by varicose veins in the anus, which has now been proven to be unrelated. The main cause is thought to be the deterioration and sagging of the tissue layer in the anus call Anal Cushion, causing swollen veins. In addition, inflammation of the tissue in that area has been found, along with the formation of wounds in the mucosa, ischemia, and blood clots. In general, there are many factors that cause hemorrhoids, the main causes of hemorrhoids are:
- Straining during bowel movement Straining for a long time during bowel movement due to conditions such as constipation increases the pressure in the veins in the rectum, causing irritation in the rectum.
- Sitting for long periods of time, especially on the toilet, increases pressure in the veins around your anus.
- Pregnancy: When the uterus expands, the blood vessels in the intestines and rectum are compressed, making it easier for hemorrhoids to form.
- Obesity causes high pressure in the abdominal cavity.
- Genetics: If you have a family history of hemorrhoids, your risk of developing this disease may be higher.
- Eating a diet low in fiber makes stool hard and difficult to pass, increasing the chances of hemorrhoids.
How hemorrhoids diagnosed?
Initial diagnosis of hemorrhoids, the doctor will ask about symptoms and preliminary information, such as pain, protrusion or bleeding during defecation, as well as risk factors that may cause hemorrhoids, such as frequent straining to defecate, constipation or a family history of hemorrhoids. The doctor will then examine the anus to check for external hemorrhoids and may perform additional tests by inserting instruments to examine internal hemorrhoids as well. Other causes of rectal bleeding should also examined. There are other causes that can cause bleeding, such as colon cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
How to treat hemorrhoids?
Currently, there are many methods of treating hemorrhoids. They are divide into non-surgical and surgical methods. The details are as follows:
Non-surgical treatment of hemorrhoids
- General treatment includes changing your diet by increasing fiber-rich foods, drinking plenty of fluids to soften stools, and taking laxatives if you have chronic constipation. Laxatives can only be prescribe by a doctor or pharmacist.
- Injections given in the submucosa to create scar tissue. Shrink hemorrhoidal blood vessels and reduce swelling.
- Rubber band ligation: This method is สมัคร ufabet use to treat internal hemorrhoids. The doctor will use a rubber band to tie around the base of the hemorrhoid, causing the tissue to die and eventually fall off on its own.
- Infrared or electrocautery to shrink hemorrhoids and stop bleeding
Treatment of hemorrhoids by surgery
- In cases where the patient has severe hemorrhoids, such as grade 3-4 or higher, are large and do not respond to other treatments, or if the patient has strangulated hemorrhoids, the doctor may treat the hemorrhoids with surgery.
How to prevent hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoid prevention can done by changing your behavior and taking care of your health to help reduce the risk of hemorrhoids in the following ways:
- Eating foods high in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, will help prevent hard stools.
- Drink enough water to help soften stool and make it easier to pass.
- Avoid foods that harden stool, such as processed foods, high-fat foods, and spicy foods.
- Exercise regularly to stimulate the digestive system and reduce constipation.
- Avoid straining during bowel movement, as straining increases pressure in the blood vessels in the rectum and can cause hemorrhoids.
- Do not sit in the bathroom for long periods of time doing other activities, such as reading a book or using your mobile phone in the bathroom.
- Defecate on time. Do not hold in feces. When you feel the urge to defecate, you should go to the bathroom immediately.
- Avoid sitting or standing for too long.
- Keep your weight within normal limits.